“Comparative Evaluation of Laparoscopic and Open Mesh Repair in Inguinal Hernia: Postoperative Pain, Complications, and Early Recurrence”. Indo-American Journal of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, vol. 23, no. 3, July 2026, pp. 75-81, https://doi.org/10.62644/iajlb.2026.v23.i3.pp75-81.