Indo-American Journal of Life Sciences and Biotechnology
Editor- In-Chief: Dr. Mai S. Mabrouk Title proper: Indo-American Journal of Life Sciences and Biotechnology Subject: Life Sciences Publisher: Unicorn Publishers ISSN : 2347-2243 Dates of publication: 2012 Frequency: Quarterly Language: English Country: India Medium: Online Indexed by: CROSSREF Indexed by: ROAD Indexed by: THE KEEPERS Title DOI of the Journal: http://doi.org/10.62644/issn.2347-2243
Materials for Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms: Aspects of Controlled Release Drug Delivery and Molecular Pharmaceutics
Compared to immediate release distribution, controlled release delivery has several benefits (such as microparticles and nanoparticles) and is accessible for a variety of administration methods. These benefits include less frequent dosing, improved therapeutic control, and fewer adverse effects; as a result, patients are more receptive to these dose forms. Numerous commercialized controlled release products have been made possible by advancements in polymer material science, particle engineering design, manufacturing, and nanotechnology. Several more are now in pre-clinical and clinical research.
Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
A study of the benefits and mechanisms of naturally occurring small molecule chemicals in the prevention and treatment of colorectal cancer
Colorectal cancer (CRC) was the third most common disease worldwide in 2022 and the leading cause of cancer deaths that year, and it is projected to significantly increase that number by 2040. Diet, lifestyle, and genetic factors all have a role in the cancerous development of normally functioning colonic cells, which takes a long time (usually more than ten years) and is accompanied by complicated interactions among several cellular pathways. The fact that there are significant variations in CRC incidence and death rates between demographic groupings, geographical locations, and biological sexes further supports the idea that CRC is present. Thus, a great method to lessen the burden of CRC in the next decades might be to intervene or halt the progression of the disease in high-risk groups as soon as possible. Some of the many benefits of NDSMCs—small molecule compounds generated from natural sources—include structural diversity, distinct biological activity, little toxicity, and the ability to target many targets at once. New data reveals that NDSMCs have the ability to treat colorectal cancer (CRC) by regulating apoptosis and autophagy, as well as by influencing the gut microbiota and inducing ferroptosis. Nevertheless, there is a dearth of thorough evaluations in this domain. Therefore, this study aims to give significant insights for treatment methods, preventative measures, and innovative medication development by comprehensively summarizing the research accomplishments over the last 5 years regarding the mechanisms of NDSMCs in battling CRC. We also go over the limits and clinical development of certain NDSMCs in treating CRC.
natural derived small molecule compounds
Leading Trends in Pharmaceutical Research: Top Cited Articles in Molecular Pharmaceutics
Several Molecular Pharmaceutics publications that garnered a lot of citations in 2023 are highlighted in this collection. These widely referenced publications provide insightful information about the study areas that readers are presently most interested in. They showcase ground-breaking findings in addition to pertinent analyses and viewpoints on important topics of the day.
Therapeutic Potential of Targeting IncRNA-Mediated Epigenetic Modification's in Liver Fibrosis
Excessive growth of connective tissue in an organ that is prone to cirrhosis is the hallmark of the dangerous condition known as liver fibrosis. New approaches to the diagnosis and therapy of liver fibrosis can only be developed by first understanding the processes that cause this illness to progress. There is mounting evidence that a subset of RNAs known as long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) contribute significantly to the development of liver fibrosis and might represent promising new treatment targets. This article provides a comprehensive overview of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in liver fibrosis, including their function, pathogenetic pathways, relevant investigations, and potential diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets. Potentially ground-breaking methods for detecting and treating liver fibrosis may emerge from the discovery and investigation of these lncRNAs. To identify lncRNAs as possible biomarkers and treatment targets and to comprehend the molecular pathways linked to liver fibrosis, more study is required.
Longitudinal Analysis of Social Support and Emotional Control Among Engineering Students in Vietnam”
Within the setting of Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, this research explores the complex link between students' perceptions of social support and their involvement in emotion regulation. This study uses a quantitative technique to reveal complex patterns and relationships by drawing data from 675 individuals in a thorough survey. The results show that there is a complex pattern to how students regulate their emotions; students who identify as male show more involvement and mostly use techniques that focus on self-support and emotional awareness. Importantly, individuals' reported levels of social support were moderate on the whole, with friends being the most common source. The effect of educational settings is highlighted by differences in the level of involvement in emotion regulation, especially among engineering students. Students' emotional coping mechanisms are shaped by their families and significant others, as the research shows that there is a positive association between perceived social support and the frequency of participating in behavior control measures. In light of these findings, it is clear that educational environments need individualized treatments to help students develop stronger social support networks and better control their emotions. Finally, this study highlights the need for strategies that strengthen social support systems and emotion management skills in educational settings, and it contributes to students' holistic development by emphasizing the significance of fostering an environment that supports students' emotional well-being alongside their academic pursuits
Design Plan for a Two-Group Randomized Trial of THR Products in Economically Developing Areas
As a result of increasing tobacco smoking, LMICs may account for a disproportionately high number of deaths caused by tobacco use worldwide. In order to deploy tobacco harm reduction (THR) products as an effective smoking cessation approach to limit escalating tobacco use in LMICs, it is vital to understand and perform RCTs in this setting. In this randomized controlled trial (RCT), 258 adult smokers will participate over the course of 52 weeks; each arm will get a 12-week treatment and a 12-week follow-up period. After participants fulfill the requirements and provide their informed permission, they will be randomly assigned to one of two treatment groups: (1) e-cigarettes with individual counseling and a nicotine patch dose of 21 mg or (2) nicotine patches with individual counseling and a nicotine concentration of 18 mg/ml. Both a screening and a baseline (BL) visit will be planned for participants at the trial location. A total of eight study visits, comprising five treatment sessions and three follow-up visits, will be arranged for the participants. These visits will include both in-person contacts at the trial site and telephone follow-up. In all, eight visits are scheduled for weeks 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, 18, 24, and 52. For the purpose of quantifying biochemically confirmed smoking abstinence, the trial site will use exhaled carbon monoxide evaluation.
Siddha-Based Comparative Analysis of Water Quality Using Terminalia chebula and Terminalia bellerica
The purpose of this descriptive observational research was to assess the clinic epidemiological profile and seroprevalence of chronic hepatitis (HBV) and hepatitis C (HCV) in patients at Government Medical College and Memorial Government Hospital in Haldwani, Uttarakhand. and 141 HCV-positive patients (1.97%) during a two-year period. 141 HCV-positive cases (1.97%) and thorough data were used to evaluate the patients. Laboratory testing, imaging investigations, and thorough clinical assessments were used to evaluate the patients; SPSS was used to analyze the data. While HBV patients had substantially higher serum bilirubin (p=0.005) and SGOT levels (p=0.0057), most HCV patients had advanced liver disease, as shown by higher rates of ascites (13.97%), jaundice (11.73%), and increased urea levels (p=0.03). Age, gender, and education did not significantly vary across groups, according to sociodemographic analysis; however, geographic patterns indicated that HBV was more common in Nainital (63.2%) and HCV was more common in Udham Singh Nagar (27.7%) and Bijnor (29.1%). These results highlight the critical need for focused interventions to lower the incidence of viral hepatitis in marginalized communities, such as awareness campaigns, preventative measures, and region-specific healthcare initiatives.
Chewable Tablets Made From Momordica Charantia [Bitter Melon] A Hypothesis Driven Strategy For Managing Diabetes Mellitus
Diabetes Mellitus, the metabolic disorder that causes persistently high blood sugar levels, is a major public health concern across the world. More than 61 million people in India deal with diabetes, earning the country the nickname "Capital of Diabetes." complications caused by diabetes. Phytochemicals and essential medications are abundant in plants, making them an excellent natural resource. The bitter melon, or Momordica charantia (MC), is a useful remedy for diabetes mellitus due to its high phytochemical content. One name for Momordica charantia is "vegetable insulin" due to the hypoglycemic effects caused by its alkaloids and peptides, which are similar to insulin and Charantin. Much has been said and written about bitter melon's action mechanism. Because of their slow disintegration or dissolving in the mouth, the active ingredient in medicated Momordica charantia lozenges is released gradually. This is due to the fact that the lozenges dosage form has a good oral retention time in, increases bioavailability, and decreases gastrointestinal irritation. Both topical and systemic administration are possible with this dose type. The development of chewable lozenges containing Momordica charantia as a medication for type 2 diabetes is central to our working hypothesis. The article touches on a few bits of data from bitter melon investigations, both in the pre-clinical and clinical stages. Multiple investigations in the fields of physiology, pharmacology, and biochemistry have provided credence to our theory. The paper also details the process that was utilized to create the chewable lozenges. Additionally, the essay has covered many bitter melon and herbal lozenge formulations that are available for purchase.
Phytogenic Nanoparticle Engineering: Emerging Trends in Sustainable Biosynthesis and Functional Applications
Recent years have seen tremendous progress in the area of bio-nanotechnology, especially in the production and use of bio-nanoparticles (BNPs). The green synthesis of BNPs utilizing biological organisms including algae, fungus, bacteria, and plants is the main topic of this paper. Using these organisms to synthesize nanoparticles provides a sustainable and environmentally benign substitute for traditional chemical and physical processes, which often need hazardous chemicals and a lot of energy. The synthesis of nanoparticles with a variety of shapes and sizes is facilitated by phytochemicals found in plant extracts, distinct metabolic pathways, biomolecules in bacteria and fungus, and the complex biochemical makeup of algae. The broad range of uses of BNPs in industries such as wastewater treatment, fuel cells, energy production, and medicines is further examined in this paper. BNPs have shown effectiveness in antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer properties in treatments. In order to increase sustainability and efficiency, BNPs are being incorporated into fuel cells and other energy generating systems, such as bio-diesel, in the energy industry. These devices' performance is improved by their high surface area and catalytic qualities. BNPs are used in wastewater treatment, another crucial sector, to remove organic pollutants, microbiological contaminants, and heavy metals, providing an economical and sustainable approach to water purification. The potential of bio-nanoparticles produced using environmentally friendly techniques is highlighted in this thorough analysis. It draws attention to the need of further study in order to improve synthesis procedures, comprehend mechanisms of action, and broaden the range of applications. By addressing the benefits and some of the most urgent issues in energy, environmental sustainability, and medical, BNPs may open the door for creative and long-lasting technological breakthroughs in the future.
Exosomal Delivery of Bipactive Compounds from Ancient Chinese Botanicals in the Management of Neurological Disorders
A bioactive substance derived from Chinese herbal remedies with known biological activity and pharmacological effects is known as a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) monomer. It has drawn a lot of interest for the treatment of neurological disorders. However, TCM monomers' weak solubility and poor blood-brain barrier (BBB) crossing capabilities restrict their use. With special benefits including low toxicity, low immunogenicity, high blood stability, and the capacity to pass the blood-brain barrier, exosomes—small extracellular vesicles (EVs)) with a diameter of 30 to 150 nm—can be used as drug delivery vehicles that directly target cells or tissues. In addition to comparing exosomes with other comparable drug delivery methods, this study covers the biogenesis, components, stability, surface modification, separation technique, benefits, and drawbacks of exosomes as drug carriers. Exosome-encapsulated TCM monomers also have neuroprotective effects, such as anti-oxidation, anti-apoptosis, anti-inflammation, and anti-mitophagy, in a variety of neuronal diseases, such as multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and cerebral ischemia and reperfusion (CI/R) injury. They also have anti-drug resistance, anti-tumorigenesis, and anti-angiogenesis properties, as well as promoting the development of an exosome-based delivery tool in targeted therapy for neuronal diseases.
Neuropharmacological Profiling of Acanthus ilicifolius: A Coastal Mangrove's Potential in CNS Depression and Analgesia"
An exceptionally abundant supply of significant chemicals with structurally unique and physiologically active metabolites may be found in the marine environment. Mangrove plants have long been utilized in traditional medicine to cure a variety of illnesses all around the globe. Very few efforts have been undertaken to test the validity of these claims in controlled trials, despite the fact that several mangroves and mangal companions are suggested in traditional medicine as being effective against a variety of ailments. Acanthus ilicifolius Linn, often known as sea holly (acanthaceae), is a salty plant that is typically found around the southeast coastlines of India. It is well-known for its wide range of secondary metabolites and its traditional uses. Using a Soxhlet apparatus, the leaves of Acanthus ilicifolius were gathered, shade-dried, ground into a coarse powder, defatted with petroleum ether, and then extracted with ethanol. Assessment of the effects of an ethanolic extract of Acanthus ilicifolius leaves as a central nervous system depressant. Mice were subjected to a number of behavioral tests, including the Tail Suspension Test (TST) and the Forced Swimming Test (FST). The immobility periods in the FST extract at dosages of 100, 250, and 500 mg/kg were considerably (P<0.0001) longer than those in the control group. When compared to a normal medication, TST considerably lengthens the immobility period when the dosage is increased. The drug's interaction with the GABA ergic system may be the cause of these depressed patterns.
Macrophage-Based Therapeutic Strategies: Phenotypic Transition Control and Drug Delivery System Development
Macrophages, being highly phenotypic changeable immune cells, have distinct functions in different clinical situations. Modifying and managing macrophage morphologies is seen as a unique possible therapeutic intervention. In the meanwhile, several transmembrane proteins that attach on the macrophage membrane's surface remain comparatively preserved, maintaining its functional characteristics including tumor targeting and inflammatory chemotaxis. As a result, a number of medication delivery mechanisms associated with certain macrophage membrane proteins are often used to treat chronic inflammatory disorders. The regulation of macrophage phenotypes and their polarization processes, the design and implementation of site-specific targeted drug delivery systems in vivo based on macrophages and their derived membrane receptors, and a summary of macrophage-based strategies for chronic diseases are all covered in this review. It seeks to advance knowledge of macrophages' role in immunoregulation and suggests tailored therapy strategies based on macrophages for chronic illnesses.
Effects of Phosphate Fertilizers on Soybean Performance
For the development and production of soybeans (Glycine max L.), phosphorus (P) is an essential macronutrient. The effects of different phosphorus fertilizer rates on soybean growth, development, and yield characteristics are examined in this research. Plant height, leaf area index, pod number, seed output, and phosphorus use efficiency (PUE) were all assessed in field studies. The results show that at ideal phosphorus application rates, growth and yield metrics were improved, but at excessive or inadequate rates, performance was hampered. The research offers helpful suggestions for sustainable phosphorus management and emphasizes the significance of phosphorus optimization in raising soybean output.
Economic Evaluation of FDA-Approved Small Molecule Protein Kinase Inhibitors in Oncology and Non-Oncology Indications in the United States
Protein kinases are the focus of several drug discovery initiatives across the globe because genetic changes such as mutations, overexpression, translocations, and dysregulation of these enzymes contribute to the pathophysiology of numerous diseases. Of the 80 small molecule protein kinase inhibitors that the FDA has authorized, 77 are oral bioavailable medications. According to the information, 69 of these medications are authorized to treat neoplasms, including solid tumors like lung and breast cancer as well as non-solid tumors like leukemia. The remaining 11 medications also target non-neoplastic conditions such ulcerative colitis, rheumatoid arthritis, and psoriasis. The FDA label was used to calculate the dose and quantity of pills needed daily, and the cost of the medications was retrieved from www.pharmacychecker.com. Any government or private insurance coverage, which would pay the whole cost or, more likely, a portion of the advertised price, is not included in this technique. Treatment of neoplastic illnesses averaged $17,900 a month, with futibatinib (used to treat cholangiocarcinomas with FGFR2 fusions) costing $44,000 and binimetinib (melanoma) costing at least $5100. With a high of $17,000 for belumosudil (graft vs. host disease) and a minimum of $200 for netarsudil eye drops (glaucoma), the average monthly cost for treating non-neoplastic disorders was $6800. The incidence of the targeted condition is negatively correlated with the cost of the medications. Since there are less than 200,000 possible patients in the US, several of these medications are or were categorized as orphan pharmaceuticals.
Homeopathy's effects on HIV-positive individuals
HIV+ people, those with early-stage AIDS, and those with less severe cases of AIDS may all benefit from homeopathic medications. However, most homeopaths don't see significant improvements in the treatment of patients with advanced stages of AIDS. However, it should be noted that there are exceptions to this general pattern, and some homeopaths find that some patients with advanced stages of AIDS see a dramatic improvement in their quality of life. Given the seriousness of certain AIDS patients' conditions, several homeopaths investigate novel homeopathic treatments and unconventional approaches to homeopathy. [1]
A review of the phytochemical studies of Momordica charantia
Traditional medicine makes use of Momordica charantia for a number of therapeutic purposes. Standard analytical techniques were used to examine the bitter gourd's phytochemical makeup. Additionally identified as either present or missing were phytochemicals such as tannin, flavonoids, phenolic compounds, alkaloids, saponins, steroids, cardiac glycosides, phlobatannins, and anthraquinones. The percentages of tannin, flavonoids, phenolic compounds, alkaloids, and saponins were shown in the proximate composition.
A STUDY TO ASSESS THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PLANNED TEACHING PROGRAMME REGARDING CHILDHOOD OBESITY AMONG THE MOTHERS OF SCHOOL GOING CHILDREN IN URBAN AREA
Introduction: Obesity is a growing problem that is expected to persist and to have long-term negative effects on the health of individuals and populations unless action is made to reverse the trend. Obesity is a problem that is becoming increasingly severe. It has been hypothesized that the development of obesity is caused by a variety of different environmental factors. Material & Methods: It was a pre-experimental design with one group that included a pretest and a posttest. The current research was carried out on mothers of children who were between the ages of 8 and 10 years old and who lived in various parts of the Coimbatore district. In accordance with the purposive sample method, sixty mothers were chosen for collection. Result: In the post-test, the major of the subjects, 35 (88%) had a score that indicated moderate knowledge, whereas in the pre-test, none of the samples, 11 (18%), had a score that indicated moderate knowledge whatsoever. Given that the mean score on the post-test knowledge test (12) was higher than the mean score on the pre-test knowledge test (7.8), it may be inferred that the PTP was successful in enhancing the knowledge regarding mother's obesity. At the 0.05 level of significance, it was discovered that there was a highly significant difference in the mean scores of mothers' knowledge of obesity based on their pre-test and post-test scores. Conclusion: After analyzing the results of the study, the researchers came to the conclusion that the planned training program about obesity was extremely effective (t = 9.6) in terms of increasing mothers' knowledge.
Stress tolerance and adaptation as criteria for evaluating top rice genotypes in both typical and water-limited settings
The results showed that compared to irrigated circumstances, crop height, effective panicles per m², and grain production were all 22% lower under moisture-restricted conditions. Among the strains tested, IR17L1387, IR16L1713, and IR16L1801 had the best stress tolerance index (STI), suggesting that they might thrive in environments with limited water availability. Sukhadhan 3 genotype showed the highest degree of stability in both settings, according to GGE biplot analyses (Which-Won-Where and Mean vs. Stability). Furthermore, under conditions where moisture was scarce, the winning genotype was IR16L1713, while in conditions where water was abundant, the winning genotype was IR17L1387.
Animal items containing heavy metals, such as milk and red meat
The demand for heavy metals has lately skyrocketed, and it's only going to keep going up in the future, thanks to factors including a growing global population, higher birth rates, and diverse resource demands. Our food supplies, particularly milk and meat from animals, are exposed by this problem. Multiple studies and publications have shown that these food sources are often polluted, and that people may readily bring this contamination into their diets by consuming these goods. The purpose of this paper is to provide a concise summary of the topic, then to analyze it using scientific reports.
Rice crop enhancement using the CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing technology
A key component of food security is the ability of crops to withstand both biotic and abiotic stresses, as well as their own production and quality. We need to develop more rapid methods to produce high- yielding, climate-resilient rice varieties with excellent grain quality if we are to meet the food needs of almost 10 billion people by the year 2050. The rice crop's stress tolerance qualities, yield, and quality have all been enhanced via the use of different techniques. Of these, traditional breeding techniques have recently increased agricultural yields by a small margin. An essential breeding strategy that has helped isolate new high-yielding genotypes of rice and produced several new varieties is mutation breeding. In traditional mutant breeding, forward and reverse genetic techniques have been used to find genomic variations, which have then been characterized in order to use them as functional markers to create new, better kinds. Due to the random nature of gene modifications and the use of physical and chemical mutagens in mutagenesis, standard breeding approaches like random mutagenesis make it very laborious to generate desired mutations in the desirable area of the crop genome.
The ultrastructure, control, and function of plasmodesmata in the transport of assimilates across plant cells
Direct symplastic transport of chemicals, including photoassimilates, is made possible by tiny channels called plasmodesmata, which link neighboring plant cells. Their function in regulating the transfer of assimilates from source tissues to sink tissues and in intercellular communication is critical. The efficiency of sucrose and other carbohydrate transport is affected by the form, frequency, and permeability of plasmodesmata, which in turn affects plant growth and production. Under both normal and stress settings, plasmodesmata play an important role in nutrient partitioning, and this review delves into their ultrastructure and the molecular processes that control their regulation. Recent developments in imaging methods, molecular gating, and strategies for loading and unloading phloem with plasmodesmal function are highlighted. By delving into these channels, we may get valuable insights into how to enhance crop production by precisely manipulating assimilate transport processes.
SCREENING OF ALLELOPATHIC ACTIVITY OF CARDIOSPERMUM HALICACABUMLINN. (KAPALPHODI) ON TRITICUM AESTIVUM (WHEAT) AND VIGNA RADIATA (MUG)
An organism that generates one or more biochemicals that affect the development, survival, and reproduction of other species is said to exhibit allelopathy. These biochemicals, also known as allelochemicals, can affect the target organism in both positive and negative ways. Allelopathic effect of Cardiospermum halicacabumLinn.(Kapalphodi) was studied in aqueous extract at various concentrations on germination percentage and growth of plumule and radicle (In vitro and In vivo) on Triticum aestivum (Wheat) and Vigna radiata (Mug). Germination percentage, plumule growth and radicle growth of Triticumaestivum (Wheat) and Vigna radiata (Mug) were significantly affected by flavonoids present in aqueous extract of Cardiospermum halicacabumLinn.(Kapalphodi)at higher concentrations with respect to control; In vitro and In vivo. Flavonoids in aqueous extract of Cardiospermum halicacabumLinn.(Kapalphodi)were confirmed by using IR spectroscopy.
Cardiospermum halicacabumLinn.(Kapalphodi)
A case report on the 50th millesimal potency of homeopathic treatment for chronic cholelithiasis
Gallstone disease, also known as cholelithiasis, is a relatively prevalent issue globally. Females are more likely than men to have it. Cholecystectomy has its own dangers, limits, and post-operative problems, while being the gold standard therapy for symptomatic cholelithiasis. Here, cholelithiasis is well treated using an alternative medical system, particularly homeopathy. An overview of the case: A 32-year-old woman patient complained of regurgitation, sour eructations, and dull discomfort in the right hypochondrium. According to the ultrasonography (USG) report, there are many stones in the gallbladder that range in size from 3 mm to 11 mm. She was recommended to have a cholecystectomy, but she refused to have any surgery done. Lycopodium was administered in fifty millesimal potencies after a thorough case analysis, totality formation, and repertorization. After three months of therapy, USG tests showed that there were no stones, and her symptoms quickly subsided. Homeopathic medicine In this instance, lycopodium, which was chosen based on the severity of the symptoms, proved to be beneficial.
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To determine the efficacy of homoeopathic remedies for chronic rhinosinusitis, researchers conducted a randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel-arm experiment
Background: One major health issue that affects people's health-related quality of life is chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). This research aims to evaluate the effectiveness of individualized homoeopathy (IH) on LM potency in chronic renal failure (CRF). Methods: From July 2012 to December 2013, four institutions conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study on CRS patients. Sixty people met the criteria and were randomly assigned to either receive IH in LM-potencies or a comparable placebo. Area under the curve (AUC) for total symptoms score (TSS) and sinus nasal outcome test 22 over a 3-month period was the primary outcome measure. For the analyses, the intention-to-treat method was used. The results showed that the homoeopathy group had a lower TSS AUC over 3 months compared to the placebo group, but this difference was not statistically significant (IH: 1303.1 ± 612.2; P = 1380.1 ± 811.8; 95% CI: −336.9, 182.9; P = 0.56). In favor of homoeopathy, there was a statistically significant difference between the absolute change in TSS from baseline at days 60 and 75, with a mean difference of 4 (95% CI: 0.3-7.7, P = 0.03) and 3.8 (95% CI: 0.1-7.5, P = 0.04), respectively. At day 75, the investigator and patient both noted significant improvements; at day 60, the difference was 0.5 (95% CI: 0.27-0.84, P = 0.0001), and at day 75, the difference was 0.6 (95% CI: 0.27-0.86, P = 0.0001). In the homoeopathy group, there was a noticeable upward trend in the rhinoscopy score (mean difference: 0.9, 95% CI: −0.00-1.8, p=0.05). Scores on computed tomography scans of the paranasal sinuses were similar between groups. The results of this study suggest that individuals with CRS may benefit from using homoeopathic treatments that are tailored to their specific needs, and the research should continue in this direction.
A report on a case of prurigo nodularis that responded to homeopathy
A benign, long-lasting neurodermatitis is called Prurigo nodularis (PN). We don't know the precise reason. Even with therapy, the nodules in the majority of PN instances do not completely disappear. An overview of the case: Here, an 18-year-old woman with a history of a 1-year-old eczematous lesion is diagnosed with PN. Natrium muriaticum, a homoeopathic remedy, was recommended based on the whole of the patient's symptoms. Over the course of four months, the patient's signs and symptoms progressively improved steadily and went into remission. Over the next year, there was no recurrence. It is clear from this case study that homoeopathy may be used as a therapeutic alternative to treat PN patients.
A web-based cross-sectional research on the knowledge, awareness, attitude, and behavior of Indian homoeopathic physicians about pharmacovigilance in homoeopathy
Background: Pharmacovigilance refers to the study and practice of identifying, evaluating, comprehending, and avoiding medication-related issues, including adverse effects. If we want accurate data on the safety of Ayurvedic, Yoga, Naturopathic, Unani, Siddha, and Homoeopathic medications, we need to study this topic. The purpose of this research was to examine how homoeopathic doctors felt about the Pv programme in terms of their knowledge, awareness, attitude, and practice (KAAP). Approach: Over the course of two months, 274 homoeopathic practitioners in India participated in an online cross-sectional survey. After consulting with three industry professionals, the research team created a questionnaire and shared it across various social media accounts using a randomly generated link. Through an online portal, the data collecting format was communicated to the interested participants who gave their permission to the research. Four domains were used to get the data: KAAP. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, and the subgroup analysis was done using independent t-tests. Findings: A total of 265 homoeopathic practitioners (96.7% response rate) agreed to fill out the questionnaire after being contacted with the request. When asked about their familiarity with the software, the majority of research participants scored poorly. Postgraduates and those with previous Pv training showed statistically significant differences. Participants had a generally positive outlook on the program's acceptability, although they were less likely to notice and report adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in homoeopathy due to a lack of knowledge. Despite homoeopathic practitioners' positive attitudes toward the Pv programme, there is still a lack of adequate hands-on training for identifying and reporting adverse drug reactions in homoeopathy.
Hypothesized approach for drug-illness cell contact in diluted homoeopathic treatment
Background: Homoeopathic remedies that are very diluted almost do not contain any therapeutic molecules. We still don't fully understand how homoeopathic medications cure diseases. To advance homoeopathic research, consensus on this process is required. The goals of this article are to lay the groundwork for future theoretical and clinical studies by providing a phenomenological model of the diseased cell's (DC) interaction mechanism with homoeopathic medicines, which cure diseases. Methods: While homoeopathic medications are being prepared (susccessioned), we hypothesize that hydrogen-bonded nano and micro clusters (NAM) develop. NAM are made up of CDPs, which are patterns of effective ionic charges like O+, H+, and other ions. The more disordered (higher entropy) state of the CDP around DC is normalized to a normal state during the electrostatic contact between the CDP around NAM and that around DC via the process of H+ ion tunneling or other ion interactions. Findings: NAM is reliant on DC. To finish off the process of disease repair, the information is sent to the brain via neurotransmitters as a result of the change in entropy around the DDP. Quantum mechanics describes the process of proton or ion tunneling from NAM to DC. In conclusion, a new phenomenological model that shows how DC and homoeopathic medications (NAM) work together to eradicate the illness has been put up. The healing process seems to include ion tunneling, entropy, and related information changes (cell signaling) that are connected with biological processes that have not yet been completely characterized.
SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERISATION OFCHIRAL MIXEDLIGANDCO(II) COMPLEXES:A STUDY OF BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE
Chiral Mixedligand complexes of Cobalt(II), containing two different ligands and one metal center, have been synthesised with the general molecular formula [Co(PClINAP)(aa)·2H₂O], where PClINAP represents the sodium salt of p-chloroisonitrosoacetophenone and "aa" denotes an L-amino acid. Chiral mixed ligand complexes have been characterized using various physicochemical techniques, including elemental analysis, molar conductance measurements, magnetic susceptibility, electronic absorption spectroscopy, infrared (IR) spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric, differential thermal analysis. Based on the obtained data, the bonding and structural features of the complexes have been thoroughly discussed. Additionally, the mixed-ligand metal complexes were evaluated for their biological significance against selected microbial strains.
Comparative Anti-inflammatory Activity of NSAIDs and Herbal Extracts in Carrageenan-Induced Paw Edema
To assess the anti-inflammatory properties of fresh Zingiber officinale rhizome aqueous and methanolic extracts: 1. To use the Carrageenan-induced paw edema technique to test the anti-inflammatory activity of all extracts in two dosages and the standard medication in wistar rats. 2. To contrast the two extracts' anti-inflammatory properties with those of a prescription medication. The research was carried out with consent from the animal ethics committee. There were six groups of animals. While test groups received aspirin (150 mg/kg), aqueous extract of fresh Z. officinale rhizome (100 and 200 mg/kg), and methanolic extract of fresh Z. officinale rhizome (100 and 200 mg/kg), the control group received 0.2 ml NS IP. Ginger's anti-inflammatory properties were examined using an acute model of inflammation that included rat paw edema caused by carrageenan. Aqueous and methanolic extracts of fresh rhizome had considerable anti-inflammatory effect (p < 0.05) in the acute model of inflammation when compared to control, and at all time intervals, their activity was equivalent to that of aspirin. Gingiber officinale extracts, both aqueous and methanolic, have strong anti-inflammatory effects.
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Simultaneous Estimation of Multicomponent Dosage Forms Using UV-Spectroscopy and Chemometric Approaches
These days, UV-visible spectroscopy is widely used as a quick, easy, accurate, and very accurate technique for quantitative estimation. The fundamental idea behind this method is that the analyte concentration is directly correlated with the quantity of light absorbed. While multi-component analysis may be used on any degree of spectral overlap as long as two or more spectra are not precisely the same, the simultaneous equation is only useful for estimating medications whose spectra overlap appropriately. Before a medicine is introduced to the market, quantitative assessment is required since a formulation with a higher concentration may create toxicity issues, while one with a lower concentration may not work as intended.