Tolerance symptoms of ketamine-A Review

Abstract

As a pharmacological phenomenon, drug tolerance occurs when the body's reaction to a medicine
decreases with repeated administration, necessitating bigger dosages to have the same therapeutic
effect (Editor). There are primarily two causes for tolerance to develop:
1. Pharmacokinetic: This leads to a decrease in the drug's efficacy due to its rapid metabolism.
2. Adaptive changes, including a rise or reduction in the number of receptors, as seen with
morphine, occur in pharmacodynamic terms.
Ketamine is a drug that’s gained popularity in recent memory as a means of managing pain,
depression, and other conditions that affect individuals. The drug became known for its use in the
nightclub and the rave scene, which warranted significant concern because of its intense effects.
In the hands of medical professionals, ketamine treatment is a safe and effective means of
managing these conditions. However, when abused, ketamine tolerance and dependence can occur,
which can lead to ketamine addiction. In this blog, we’ll discuss how ketamine use has become a
widespread problem and how to manage ketamine tolerance. In tachyphylaxis, the drug's effect
quickly decreases as a result of the depletion of mediators inside the presynaptic membrane of
nerve terminals, a phenomenon comparable to tolerance. Short intervals between dosages of the
medicine are what trigger this depletion. But this effect remains even after dosing increases.