Rice crop enhancement using the CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing technology

Abstract

A key component of food security is the ability of crops to withstand both biotic and abiotic stresses, as

well as their own production and quality. We need to develop more rapid methods to produce high-

yielding, climate-resilient rice varieties with excellent grain quality if we are to meet the food needs of

almost 10 billion people by the year 2050. The rice crop's stress tolerance qualities, yield, and quality

have all been enhanced via the use of different techniques. Of these, traditional breeding techniques

have recently increased agricultural yields by a small margin. An essential breeding strategy that has

helped isolate new high-yielding genotypes of rice and produced several new varieties is mutation

breeding. In traditional mutant breeding, forward and reverse genetic techniques have been used to find

genomic variations, which have then been characterized in order to use them as functional markers to

create new, better kinds. Due to the random nature of gene modifications and the use of physical and

chemical mutagens in mutagenesis, standard breeding approaches like random mutagenesis make it very

laborious to generate desired mutations in the desirable area of the crop genome.