Macrophage-Based Therapeutic Strategies: Phenotypic Transition Control and Drug Delivery System Development

Abstract

Macrophages, being highly phenotypic changeable immune cells, have distinct functions in different clinical situations. Modifying and managing macrophage morphologies is seen as a unique possible therapeutic intervention. In the meanwhile, several transmembrane proteins that attach on the macrophage membrane's surface remain comparatively preserved, maintaining its functional characteristics including tumor targeting and inflammatory chemotaxis. As a result, a number of medication delivery mechanisms associated with certain macrophage membrane proteins are often used to treat chronic inflammatory disorders. The regulation of macrophage phenotypes and their polarization processes, the design and implementation of site-specific targeted drug delivery systems in vivo based on macrophages and their derived membrane receptors, and a summary of macrophage-based strategies for chronic diseases are all covered in this review. It seeks to advance knowledge of macrophages' role in immunoregulation and suggests tailored therapy strategies based on macrophages for chronic illnesses.